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Nephelomys caracolus
''Nephelomys caracolus'', also known as the Costa Central oryzomys〔Musser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1146〕 or caracol rice rat,〔 is a species of rodent in the genus ''Nephelomys'' of family Cricetidae.〔Weksler et al., 2006, p. 18〕 It is found in cloud forest in the Cordillera de la Costa Central of Aragua, Miranda, and the Distrito Federal〔 in north-central Venezuela at elevations from 1000 to 2500 m.〔 It is nocturnal and terrestrial, and has a varied diet.〔 In most ''Nephelomys'' species, the posterolateral palatal pits, perforations of the palate near the third molar, are conspicuous and receded into a fossa, but in ''N. caracolus'' and the Ecuadorian species ''N. nimbosus'', the pits are much smaller.〔Wekser et al., 2006, p. 19〕
Oldfield Thomas originally described the species, in 1914, as a member of ''Oryzomys'', ''Oryzomys caracolus''. From 1960 on, it was included in ''Oryzomys capito'', the current ''Hylaeamys megacephalus'', and subsequently in ''Oryzomys albigularis''. In the 1990s, studies of the Venezuelan populations of the ''O. albigularis'' group, based on data from karyotypes and morphometrics, provided evidence for the distinctiveness of ''O. caracolus'' and the other Venezuelan species of the group, ''O. meridensis''. The patterns recovered differ in details among the studies, however, and some authors chose to retain ''O. caracolus'' and ''O. meridensis'' as subspecies of ''O. albigularis'', suggesting a need for further study on the classification of Venezuelan members of the group.〔 When the members of the ''O. albigularis'' group were transferred to the new genus ''Nephelomys'' in 2006, ''caracolus'' was retained as a species, ''Nephelomys caracolus''.〔
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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